Understanding complex systems requires a different perspective that allows us to see the interconnections of elements. This concept is rooted in the historical success of science, which has been achieved by breaking down systems into their basic units. In his book “At the Mercy of the Networks,” research professor Ernesto Estrada delves into this idea and introduces it as a powerful tool for studying complex systems and phenomena.
According to Estrada, networks or graphs are mathematical objects that simplify the relationships between elements. These networks capture essential information across various real-world scenarios such as social relations, epidemics, anatomical structures, gene networks, and social conflicts. Social networks, in particular, serve as a robust framework for mathematical analysis due to their prevalence in everyday life.
The book discusses mathematical models that simulate the formation of social networks, providing insights into their structural dynamics. For instance, Estrada references the Erdös and Rényi model, which starts with a set number of individuals who gradually form connections based on a conducive environment for relationships.
Real-world social networks exhibit specific characteristics such as network density and connectivity. These factors impact information flow within the network. The concept of network transitivity – where friends of friends are likely to connect – distinguishes real-world networks from simpler mathematical models.
Alternative models proposed by researchers like Strogatz, Watts, Barabási and Albert offer a more nuanced understanding of social network complexity.
Overall, Estrada’s work highlights how these networks shape our understanding of social dynamics and information transmission.
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