The Ambiguity of Animal Self-Recognition: A Look into the Mirror Test

Research into the ability of animals to recognize themselves in mirrors began in 1970, and only a few species have passed the test. Although humans are the only species that regularly look at their reflections in mirrors, other animals have shown signs of self-recognition in reflective surfaces. Scientists have tested many species, starting with chimpanzees in 1970. From ants to stingrays to African grey parrots, researchers have closely studied a variety of animals for their ability to perceive themselves in mirrors.

While some animals do understand they are looking at themselves, many do not, and some exhibit ambiguous behavior. Different animals react differently to the mirror test. Some great apes, such as chimpanzees and orangutans, have passed the test, while others, like gorillas, have not yielded clear results. Monkeys often perceive their reflection as another animal, and while some have shown signs of self-recognition after training, critics argue this behavior may not be reliable evidence of self-awareness.

More recent studies have shown that animals like dolphins, magpies, penguins, ants, and even fish may possess some level of self-awareness. While some supposedly less intelligent creatures have passed the mirror test, some highly intelligent animals