Breakthrough in Biodegradable Plastics: Scientists Develop ‘Living Plastic’ from Bacterial Spores for a Sustainable Future

A team of international researchers has developed a new biodegradable material to tackle the growing problem of plastic pollution, one of the most pressing environmental issues. Dubbed “living plastic”, this innovative material is made from bacterial spores of a strain of ‘Bacillus subtilis’, a common soil bacteria. Unlike traditional plastics, living plastic has the ability to decompose at the end of its useful life cycle, making it an eco-friendly solution.

The researchers have published their findings in the journal Nature Communications. This new material, which is a soft thermoplastic polyurethane, can be used to make products such as footwear, mats, cushions and memory foams. The bacterial spores used in the material are resistant to harsh environmental conditions and can withstand high temperatures required for polymer production.

To create living plastic, the bacterial spores and thermoplastic polyurethane granules were introduced into a pressing machine where they were mixed and melted at high temperature. The biodegradability of the material was evaluated by exposing it to compost materials, where it biodegraded by 90% within five months. The researchers believe that the bacterial spores in the degraded material are harmless as ‘Bacillus subtilis’ is considered non-toxic and beneficial for plant health.

Although this study was conducted on a small scale in a laboratory, the researchers are working to optimize the process for industrial-scale production of this self-destructing plastic material. Their hope is that this innovation can help reduce plastic pollution and contribute to a more sustainable future for our planet.